Wednesday, 19 November 2014

Leading up to the Churchill Mk. I

Before I get into any of the real statistics about the world of tanks variant on the Churchill Mk. I or how it performs in game of world of tanks, I'm going to be talking about the history behind the Churchill Mk. I and how it performed in real life. So feel free to skip ahead to the point where I'm talking purely about the tank in game, however understanding the History, I feel, gives you a good idea how the tank was designed to perform.

The Churchills' name
The Churchills' name has some slight ambiguity as to where it came from. Many people, such as myself, believe that the name came from the British Prime Minister of the time, Sir Winston Churchill. However other people it may have been named after include; John Churchill the 1st Duke of  Marlborough, which would follow a pattern with other British tank names such as the Cromwell.

Development and Design
The idea of the Churchill, had two main phases, the A20 and the A22. They were designed to for full very different position in war, and by the Nazi Occupation of France in 1940, the A20 was completely obsolete and the project was changed in favor of the A22. The A20 was designed to replace the Matilda Mk. II and the Valentine Infantry class tanks. The A20 was going to be based around the idea of the Great War of 1914 to 1918. Mainly the idea of trench warfare, thus the tank would need to be able to travel across trenches, destroying infantry obstacles like barbed wire and mines and  attacking fixed enemy defenses like bunkers. As such speed and heavy armour were not required for the project. The tank was to be fitted with two QF 20 Pounder Guns which were to be located on the sides, a BESA machine gun and a smoke projector mounted on the front of the tank. Specifications generally had a turret of 60 mm of armour to protect the tank from German 37 mm guns. Eventually a 3-inch howitzer was chosen for the armourment and four prototypes were made by June 1940. However by the loss of France, Trench warfare was out of the question and the A20 was dropped from production.